“Sourcing the Source” AND Thermal Validation is the prime focus for “FIRST SURVEY” to every Commercial Building Retrofit, IF your design is for “SELF-FUNDING” the project. This Source can be interior or exterior to the Building but always delivering a stable, constant (24/7), low grade source of warm calories. Then all Sourced thermal calories are enhanced (by passive or active contribution) for continuous “feeding” to the “Holistic H.P. System: Hot Water” array (either GSHP; ASHP or WSHP).

There is ALWAYS a Source, either architecturally contrived (e.g. interior building waste-fluid sump-tanks; or Trombe & Curtain wall or by Fforde-Chamber passive air & fluids; or stack effect to Canopy Atria etc.) or naturally occurring (e.g. exterior lake, canal, moat, seawater; or below ground etc.).

plement the (24/7) Source input to the multi-H.P. cascade array Primary Loop. Then, H.P. compressors multiply the The contrived “Calorie Harvesting” design must continuously capture & supenhanced constant Heat Source intake to replenish (hydronic: kWh @ set-point), to the over-sized Buffer Storage Tanks. This H.P. intake to Buffer Storage (kWh) Design must continuously exceed the Daily Load Profile distributed downstream (ex Buffer Tanks via Secondary closed-loops,) to the various on-site multi-tasking applications (space heating; moisture control; medical IAQ/IEQ plus). This ultra-Design energy scavenging & harvesting concept also applies to generating “Holistic H.P. System: Chilled Water” for Air-conditioning  Tropical sites. (cf separate TIP).

The “SELF-FUNDING” is generated by the H.P. Array as the “BEATING HEART” of a Hot Water “Holistic H.P. System”. The final “DESIGN” comprises a challenging innovation for a “future-proofing”, site-bespoke, MEP & Ventilation Design…always dependent upon having first thermally validated a “SOURCED – SOURCE”.

Therefore “Sourcing the Source” and Thermal Validation is the prime focus for every “FIRST” Survey for a Commercial Building Retrofit for a Holistic H.P. System……and the Golden Key to attract private capital for “multi-tasking” (higher value-added) Sustainable investment returns.

 

 

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When moving parts CAN break-down; they WILL break-down…sooner or later. When correctly designed this must NEVER require a “Return to Factory”. The “Lowest Life Cycle Cost (LCC)” involves a monobloc ASHP (water-cooled chiller life-span normally at 20-30 years & HMRC NAV amortization @ <6years) to be designed with a larger “footprint” for an overall larger “Enclosure volume” than a standard “compact”designed, residential H.P. This facilitates, the on-site, Lift-in/Lift-out of modular Condensers/Compressors/Fans/UV-C to “Future-Proof” & give “Resilience” for the periodic “state-of-the-art” upgrades in refrigerant specifications; ERV technology and regulatory pandemic H & S protections.

Similarly, each such “ASHP footprint” needs a larger surrounding space allocation for a “bulky” Service technician to perform any component “Lift-outs” in addition to ample clearance around each internal H.P. component. In particular, we give focus to the Condenser, where our years of field expertise, always favours the design longevity for a Coaxial, Double-Walled, Open-Vented Condenser versus the compact Plate Heat Exchanger Design. The Coaxial becomes heavier & bulkier, by requiring larger thermal design oversizing to deliver “instant” set-point hydronic discharge (unless fitted with Head Pressure Controls for a Low Lift Delta T closed circuit L.T. Central Heating).

This (DW-OV) Coaxial Condenser is the ONLY design for long-term, (x2–x300% more robust durability of Plate Condensers) at Lowest Maintenance costs & LCC. It eliminates the long-term problems of fouling & scaling plus the expensive eventual leakage of gasket seals & brazing of Plate Condensers. Coaxial Designs in stainless or titanium steel can be used with full regulatory Approval for potable water even when the ASHP or WWHP “heat source” is brackish pond or seawater.

 

 

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We define a Commercial Building Retrofit “HOLISTIC HEAT PUMP SYSTEM” Design for:

Heritage Properties; Nursing & Elderly Homes as a continuous “SELF-FUNDING DEVICE” by its high SCOP (>8-10) of continuous energy savings & operating run-time (>20years):

 

For 24/7 exhaust ducting of interior stale air directly into an ASHP/ERV for continuous moisture removal; hydronic heat circulation; filtered (MERV13-18) & purified (UV-C) fresh air circulation to the optimised IAQ/IEQ design points for each parameter.

 

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Fundamental to the financial Analysis for every stakeholder Retrofit, is the input of accurate Baseline metrics. From this input, we complete regression analysis on many previous years of multiple variables for weather, Facility energy consumption & property usage/occupation.
This constructs a conservative, future-proof predictive model that includes progressive COP de-rating for ageing & environmental degradation factors.

This “model” is then carefully engaged versus the stakeholders’ selected Ren. Energy Equipment & Design….and yet, despite our due diligence, certain remote island retrofit installations created a deep SHOCK….and it was not electrical.

Despite all the expertise of our early Analytical Teams; “rogue” retrofits gave significant unforeseen anomalies. One particular prestigious Facility in Papeete (French Polynesia) & others in Port Vila; Apia (W. Samoa) & Papua New Guinea were very “off-kilter”.

It was finally determined, that seasonal higher wind strength to distant sea spray & changes to seabird flight patterns caused severe reductions of solar Absorbance by salt & guano deposits. This varied according to the angle of tilt & reflectivity. A bird flock’s sudden perception of “shock” causes a sudden collective evacuation of overhead bowels. (which was officially recognized for our Design Submittals for two U.S. Pacific Military Bases in Okinawa & Guam & then for Changi Airport, Singapore.

A future posting TIP, will set-out our exacting techniques to quantify a peak summer performance solar de-grade for our UNESCO Tardis ’54 Project Design (N.W.-UK under 5kms from exposed coast) ….which are not to dissimilar to our techniques used to compensate for Desert Haze & the Haboobs occurring across our Solar~Heat Pump Designs across UAE & NATO military bases.

 

 

 

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Our early years of R&D, across the Japanese islands of 1970’s, evolved our engineering expertise for an absolutely secure anchoring technique (on both rooftops & now solar Façade-curtain walls) of Ren.Energy devices onto variable exterior building envelopes. This demanded resilience to the highest cyclonic wind loading and also for Historic & Heritage structures in an earthquake zone.

We progressed to overcome the Japanese “Rooftop Taboo” which lead to receiving the first ever 1985 JIS-Mark Award (by MITI) for a non-Japanesedevice. From this, we gained the recognition & “acceptance” for our Ren.Energy Engineering Design submittal to win the Athlete’s Village 1988 Seoul Olympicscontract.

Thereafter, we progressed from N. Asia to all the remote (High Energy Tariff) island locations of S. Pacific, Indian Ocean, Caribbean, & Mediterranean to Design (with Advisory on-site Supervision) ever larger Facility structures that required meeting the financial imperative for Rapid ROI <5years by the international investors. It was a very practical learning discipline for the “Green” 21st Century.

 

 

 

 

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Remote locations with no nearby technicians on-hand for URGENT Servicing upon “equipment outage”, must have “ON-SITE REDUNDANCY”. This means extended kWh “Stand-by Storage” for both Hydronic & Electric resources: multiple hot water buffer tanks and electrical battery storage. The minimum recommended, normal outage stand-by is 18 hours  across the peak daily load profile, but scaled higher, as customized, for site requirements.

 

This requires a design that includes a hybrid combination of a multiple mini-cascade of partial-load, staged H.P.’s with both Solar “active & passive” circuits included. Usually, these higher CAPEX costs (for the extra stand-by equipment) is well offset by the higher remote location energy costs …..and the Financial Imperative of the Client remains SUPREME.

 

 

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For a long-term Client relationship of Trust, we always defer to the Client’s choice of H.P. equipment with their Vendor’s supply of Brand & Model as well as their chosen Contractor. Our counselling is limited to a “most preferred” site location for the H.P. installation with a one+ meter all surround Service Space. Also, we provide guidance on internal H.P. componentry as “modular” lift-in/lift-out for full on-site low-cost Servicing instead of any return to Factory necessity (even in the case of a Design for a multi-cascade of mini H.P.). This “Resilience by Design” also allows for long-term, low-cost on-site, product “Future-Proofing” upgrades with all main components (Evap Coil; Fan; Compressor; Condenser & Controls as an easy un-plug & modular re-connect in a wide bodied H.P. Cabinet enclosure).

 

 

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Subject to Appraisal & Validation of item performance and durability it is “Good Practice” to upcycle within the renewable energy engineering design, as many as possible HVAC & MEP on-site existing fittings & equipment (eg. Calorifiers & Pumps etc.) even if relocating ex the plant room to a new location (as a tangible “Value-adding” benefit to the Owner or Architect for alternative floorspace usage) …..and, it reduces CAPEX (to achieve a fast 30 to<60 month PBP) for the retrofit.

 

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From the start, for a Retrofit site, prioritise an existing Building’s easiest passage-ways, door-widths & elevator dimensions (including elevator & floor static load limits)
This will define the LOWEST COST OPTIONS for Rigging & Access to all possible H.P. & Auxiliary equipment sizing from a 60th Level rooftop footprint or to a B3 Basement or
any in-between Plant room.

N.B. in the early 80’s the simplest Honolulu solution was a US250 dollar (15-20min.) Helicopter lift of equipment from carpark truck to a rooftop installation

 

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For highest COP Performance, always source Max. Enthalpy inlet air into the ASHP by direct ducting from a
Building’s interior “HOT SPOTS”
A Clients Financial PBP Mandate <60months is SUPREME *But as per Design spec.: sustain each zone as positive air
pressure for zero uncontrolled F/A infiltration

 

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